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Acute and long-term weight loss and weight gain in elite athletes: influences on body composition and performance

Garthe, Ina
Doctoral thesis
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http://hdl.handle.net/11250/171332
Issue date
2011
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  • Doktorgradsavhandlinger / PhD Dissertations [93]
Abstract
Many athletes attempt to change their weight in order to enhance their competitive

performance level. Weight loss is generally motivated by a desire to optimise

performance by improving power to weight ratio, making weight in order to compete in

a certain weight category, or due to aesthetic reasons in sports that emphasise leanness.

Weight gain is generally motivated by a desire to optimise performance by increasing

muscle mass and thereby improving strength and power. Due to the negative effects of

rapid weight loss and longer periods of restricted energy intake, existing literature

recommends a gradual weight loss through moderate energy restriction and promotes a

weekly weight loss of 0.5-1 kg. The same theoretical recommendation exists for weight

gain; a moderate energy surplus for a gradual weight gain corresponding to a weekly

weight gain of 0.5-1 kg. However, although recommended, the effect of such a weekly

weight loss or gain on body composition and performance in elite athletes has not been

examined. Further, the long-term effect on body composition and performance of such

interventions is yet to be investigated.
 
Paper I: Garthe I, Raastad T, Refsnes PE, Koivisto A, Sundgot-Borgen J. Effect of two

different weight-loss rates on body composition and strength and power related

performance in elite athletes. International Journal of Sports Nutrition and

Exercise Metabolism. 2011, April:97-104.
 
Paper II: Garthe I, Raastad T, Sundgot-Borgen J. Long-term effect of weight loss on body

composition and performance in elite athletes. In press in International Journal

of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism.
 
Paper III: Garthe I, Raastad T, Refsnes P, Sundgot-Borgen J. Effect of nutritional

intervention on body composition and performance in elite athletes. Submitted to

European Journal of Sport Science (resubmitted with minor changes).
 
Paper IV: Garthe I, Raastad T, Sundgot-Borgen J. Long-term effect of nutritional counseling

during weight gain in elite athletes. In press in Applied Physiology, Nutrition and

Metabolism.
 
Description
Avhandling (doktorgrad) - Norges idrettshøgskole, 2011.

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